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Congenital lung cysts

Abnormal lung tissue, in the form of multiple bubbles (cysts), is frequently found prior to birth by a routine prenatal ultrasound. These are called congenital lung cysts. They are also known as a congenital pulmonary airway malformation (CPAM).

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What are congenital lung cysts?

Very large lesions can be symptomatic and require drainage before birth or emergency removal immediately after delivery. However, most are asymptomatic and require no surgery in the neonatal period. Occasionally, after several months of observation, a cyst may completely disappear. 

Typically, cystic malformations that persist may become infected, grow or increase the likelihood of a child developing lung tumors later in life. For these reasons, cystic malformations that don’t go away require surgery for removal.

What are the signs and symptoms of congenital lung cysts?

Fever, coughing (including coughing up blood), shortness of breath and wheezing can all be identified as signs or symptoms of lung cysts.

How are congenital lung cysts treated? 

Due to concerns for developing significant problems associated with congenital lung cysts, the definitive treatment is removing the cyst through surgery.

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